Bulgaria's government resigned on December 11, 2025, following weeks of intense nationwide protests led largely by Gen Z demonstrators. The unrest stemmed from a proposed 2026 budget featuring higher taxes and social security contributions, exacerbating frustrations over rising living costs and entrenched corruption.
In Sofia alone, over 100,000 protesters gathered, demanding accountability, political reform, and the immediate ouster of Prime Minister Rosen Zhelyazkov's administration .
Under mounting pressure, Zhelyazkov announced his resignation on national television just ahead of a no-confidence vote in parliament, which swiftly approved the move. This marks the sixth prime ministerial change in five years, underscoring Bulgaria's ongoing political volatility .
The demonstrations, which began in late November, united students and urban professionals in a powerful call for change amid economic hardships .
As Bulgaria stands on the brink of eurozone entry on January 1, 2026, President Rumen Radev must now task political parties with forming a new cabinet. Failure to do so will lead to a caretaker government and eventual elections, potentially disrupting the currency transition .
The crisis highlights deepening public discontent with governance as the nation eyes deeper EU integration.
